{"id":186,"date":"2019-12-29T05:15:22","date_gmt":"2019-12-29T05:15:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/?p=186"},"modified":"2023-11-30T09:34:04","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T15:34:04","slug":"186","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/2019\/12\/29\/186\/","title":{"rendered":"Channukah and the Message of 4th Maccabees"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Channukah and the Message of 4th Maccabees
By
James Scott Trimm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

As Channukah is coming to a close this year, I wanted to\ntake a moment to explore the meaning of 4th<\/sup> Maccabees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So often at Channukah we recall the \u201cChannukah Story\u201d and\nread the accounts of 1st<\/sup> Maccabees and 2nd<\/sup> and 2nd<\/sup>\nMaccabees, but we often run out of time before getting to the very deep\nmaterial in 4th<\/sup> Maccabees.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4th<\/sup> Maccabees elaborates on the Channukah martyrs\nspoken of in Second Maccabees.  Specifically\nEleazar, who refused to eat meat that had even been represented as having been\noffered to idols, but was not, lets his actions mislead others into idolatry (See\n2Maccabees 6:18-31 & 4Maccabees chapters 5-7).  And the account of Hannah and her seven sons,\nwho refused to pay homage to Antiochus Epiphanies (See 2Maccabees 7;  4th<\/sup> Maccabees chapters 8-19 and b.Gittin\n57b in the Talmud).   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4th<\/sup> Maccabees reveals how these martyrs were able\nto remain true to Torah, despite being tortured and ultimately killed for their\ntestimony.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The core teaching of 4th<\/sup> Maccabees draws upon a\ndeep understanding of Genesis 2:7 in the Torah, which says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And the YHWH Elohim formed man of the dust of the ground,\nand breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living\nsoul. (Gen. 2:7)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Hebrew word for \u201cformed\u201d is yetzer which can also mean \u201cinclination\u201d\nor even \u201cfreewill.\u201d  However in Genesis\n2:7 in the Hebrew, the word yetzer is spelled with to \u201cyuds\u201d yyetzer.  The Talmud has an interesting comment about\nthis nuance in the Hebrew of this verse:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R. Nahman b. R. Hisda expounded:<\/em>
\nWhat is meant by the text, Then the Lord God<\/em>
\nformed [va-yetzer] man? [The word va-yetzer] (Gen. 2:7)<\/em>
\nis written with two yods, to show that God created<\/em>
\ntwo inclinations, one good (tov) and the other evil (ra).<\/em>
\n(b.Ber. 61a)<\/em>
\n
\nIt has been taught: R. Jose the Galilean says,<\/em>
\nThe righteous are swayed by their good inclination,<\/em>
\nas it says, My heart is slain within me. (Ps. 109:22)<\/em>
\nThe wicked are swayed by their evil inclination,<\/em>
\nas it says, Transgression speaks to the wicked,<\/em>
\nmethinks, there is no fear of God before his eyes.<\/em>
\n(Ps. 36:1) Average people are swayed by both<\/em>
\ninclinations, as it says, Because He stands at<\/em>
\nthe right hand of the needy, to save him from them<\/em>
\nthat judge his soul. (Ps. 109:31) Raba said: People<\/em>
\nsuch as we are of the average.<\/em>
\n(b.Ber. 61b)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Likewise we read in the Wisdom of Ben\nSira:        
\n
\nIt was He who created man in the beginning.<\/em>
\nAnd He left him in the power of his own inclination (Heb: yetzer).<\/em>
\nIf you will, you can keep the commandments,<\/em>
\nand to act faithfully is a matter of your own choice.<\/em>
\nHe has placed before you fire and water:<\/em>
\nStretch out your hand for whichever you wish.<\/em>
\n (Sira 15:14-16)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

4th<\/sup>\nMaccabees gives us an important insight on this as well, saying:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

21 Now when Elohim fashioned man, he\nplanted in him emotions and inclinations,<\/em>
\n22 but at the same time he enthroned the mind among the senses as a\nsacred governor over them all.
\n23 To the mind he gave the Torah; and one who lives subject to this\nwill rule a kingdom that is temperate, just, good, and courageous.
\n(4Macc. 2:21-23)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As the first century Jewish writer Philo of Alexandria said:
\n
\n“For these passions are the causes of all good and of all\nevil; of good when they submit to the authority of dominant reason, and of evil\nwhen they break out of bounds and scorn all government and restraint.”<\/em>
\n(Life of Moses 1; VI, 26)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to 4th<\/sup>\nMaccabees, the Channukah Martyrs were able to endure to the end and hold to\ntheir testimony in the face of torture and death, because their rational mind was\nin the drivers seat, and their emotions were in the passenger\u2019s seat.  <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This does not mean\nemotions are a bad thing, to the contrary, emotions subject to the rational\nmind (the Neshoma) that is the good inclination and the cause of all good in\nthis world.  But when our emotions are in\nthe drivers seat and our rational mind is in the passenger\u2019s seat, that is the\nevil inclination.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So let us learn this lesson from 4th<\/sup> Maccabees and the Channukah martyrs this Channukah.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

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As you know we have been digging ourselves out of a budget shortfall<\/em><\/strong>.  As\n I have said to you many times, I look on this work as a co-operative \none with me, and all of you combining our resources together in order to\n get the job done of helping to teach this great truth to all in the \nworld who will listen. Thank you so much from the bottom of my heart for\n your continued support, you are the ones who make it all possible<\/strong><\/em> by your contributions and your prayers for our work. I truly appreciate your help in every way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you can make a one time donation of $500 or $1,000 dollars to support this work.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


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Check out the Latke recipe for Channukah at the new Messianic Home Space <\/a>at NazareneSpace!<\/strong><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Channukah and the Message of 4th Maccabees By James Scott Trimm As Channukah is coming to a close this year, I wanted to take a moment to explore the meaning of 4th Maccabees. So often at Channukah we recall the \u201cChannukah Story\u201d and read the accounts of 1st Maccabees and 2nd and 2nd Maccabees, but … Continue reading “Channukah and the Message of 4th Maccabees”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nChannukah and the Message of 4th Maccabees - NazareneSpace Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/2019\/12\/29\/186\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Channukah and the Message of 4th Maccabees - NazareneSpace Blog\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Channukah and the Message of 4th Maccabees By James Scott Trimm As Channukah is coming to a close this year, I wanted to take a moment to explore the meaning of 4th Maccabees. 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