{"id":166,"date":"2019-12-25T06:19:15","date_gmt":"2019-12-25T06:19:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/?p=166"},"modified":"2024-06-26T15:57:30","modified_gmt":"2024-06-26T20:57:30","slug":"immortality-of-the-soul-and-the-afterlife","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/2019\/12\/25\/immortality-of-the-soul-and-the-afterlife\/","title":{"rendered":"Immortality of the Soul and the Afterlife"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Adamkadmonblue300-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-167\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Adamkadmonblue300-1.jpg 300w, http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Adamkadmonblue300-1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 85vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Immortality of the Soul and the Afterlife<\/strong><br><strong>By<\/strong><br><strong>James Scott Trimm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><br> What happens when we die?&nbsp; Many  Christians believe we find ourselves as angelic beings in heaven,  strumming on harps and hanging around on clouds.&nbsp; This is, of course,  totally unscriptural, and totally ignores the biblical doctrine of the  resurrection.&nbsp; On the other hand some Millerites (Millerites are  Christian and para-Christian groups which descend from the teachings of  William Millar, including SDA, The old Worldwide Church of God, the  Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses etc.) teach the doctrine of Soul Sleep.&nbsp; But this  doctrine is also not Scriptural.<br><br><br><strong>The Immortality of the Soul<\/strong><br><br> Belief in the immortality of the Soul has always been a foundational belief of Judaism.&nbsp; <br><br>  Josephus writes of the Pharisees of the first century: &#8220;They say that  every soul is imperishable&#8221; (Josephus Wars 2.8.14) and &#8220;They hold the  belief that an immortal strength belongs to souls&#8221; (Josephus Ant.  18.1.3). <br><br> And as Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan has written: \u201cOne of the  foundations of our faith is the belief in the immortality of the soul,  and in life after death.\u201d (<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aish.com\/jl\/sp\/bas\/48942091.html\" target=\"_blank\">The Soul; Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan<\/a>)<br><br>  Rabbi Kaplan explains that the immortality of the soul is an  inescapable conclusion of the premise that Elohim is omniscient (all  knowing).&nbsp; He writes: <br><br><em>But what happens to the real you &#8212;  the human personality? What happens to all this information &#8212; the  memories, thought patterns and personality traits? When a book is  burned, its contents are no longer available. When a computer is  smashed, the information within it is also destroyed.<\/em><br><br><em>What happens to all this information &#8212; the memories, thought patterns and personality traits?<\/em><br><br><em>Does the same thing happen when a person dies? Is the mind and personality irretrievably lost?<\/em><br><br><em>We  know that God is omniscient. He knows all and does not forget. God  knows every thought and memory that exists within our brains. There is  no bit of information that escapes His knowledge.<\/em><br><br><em>What, then, happens when a person dies?<\/em><br><br><em>God does not forget, and therefore all of this information continues to exist, at least in God&#8217;s memory.<\/em><br><br><em>(An  allusion to this is also found in the Kaballah. Gan Eden or Paradise is  said to exist in the sefirah of Binah &#8212; the divine understanding. This  may well be related to the concept of memory. Souls, on the other hand,  are conceived in the sefirah of Daas &#8212; knowledge. One may say that  while we live, we exist in God&#8217;s knowledge; after death we exist in His  memory.)<\/em><br><br><em>We may think of something existing only in  memory as being static and effectively dead. But God&#8217;s memory is not a  static thing. The sum total of a human personality may indeed exist in  God&#8217;s memory, but it can still maintain its self-identity and volition,  and remain in an active state.<\/em><br><br><em>This sum total of the human personality existing in God&#8217;s memory is what lives on even after man dies&#8230;<\/em><br><em>(<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aish.com\/jl\/sp\/bas\/48955126.html\" target=\"_blank\">Immortality and the Soul; Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan<\/a>)<\/em><br><br><br><strong>The Soul Sleep Error<\/strong><br><br>  Before I give a theology concerning the afterlife, I must first respond  to some of the \u201cproof texts\u201d used by those who advocate a theology  known as \u201cSoul Sleep\u201d.&nbsp; This is a theology that teaches that a man\u2019s  soul ceases to exist at death, until his resurrection, at which time the  righteous have immortality, while the souls of the wicked are destroyed  in Gey Hinnom, and again cease to exist.<br><br> One passage cited to  support the Soul Sleep doctrine is Genesis 3:19 \u201cdust you are, dust you  shall become\u201d.&nbsp; Of course if \u201cdust you shall become\u201d means we are  unconscious or cease to exist in the afterlife then \u201cdust you are\u201d would  means that we are unconscious or do not exist now.&nbsp; And obviously an  argument that proves to much, proves nothing at all.<br><br> Proponents  of this theology often cite various verses from Ecclesiastes to support  their position.&nbsp; However the purpose of Ecclesiates is not to give  Elohim\u2019s revelation on the subjects it treats, but to explain how things  appear without the light of Elohim.&nbsp; Thus we read in the early verses  of the book:<br><br><em>I Kohelet have been king over Yisra\u2019el in  Yerushalayim.&nbsp; And I applied my heart to seek and to search out by  wisdom concerning all things that are done under heaven; it is a sore &nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;<\/em><br><em>task that Elohim has given to the sons of men to be  exercised therewith.&nbsp; I have seen all the works that are done under the  sun; and, behold, all is vanity and a striving after wind.<\/em><br><em>That  which is crooked cannot be made straight; and that which is wanting  cannot be numbered.&nbsp; I spoke with my own heart, saying: &#8216;Behold, I have  gotten great wisdom, more also than all that were before me over  Yerushalayim&#8217;; yes, my heart has had great experience of &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;wisdom and  knowledge.&nbsp; And I applied my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness  and folly&#8211;I perceived that this also was a striving after wind.&nbsp; For in  much wisdom is much vexation; and he that increases knowledge increases  sorrow.<\/em><br><em>(Eccl. 1:12-18 HRV)<\/em><br><br> For example \u201call  is vanity\u201d (Ecc. 1:14) is not Elohim\u2019s revelation on the subject of  life, but a pessimistic statement about what life seems like without  Elohim\u2019s revelation.&nbsp; Throughout the book of Ecclesiastes Solomon uses  the phrases \u201cunder heaven\u201d and \u201cunder the sun\u201d to emphasize the context  of his statements.&nbsp; In this context the book stresses how that, apart  from Elohim\u2019s revelation, a man\u2019s life seems no more significant than an  animals, that his death seems no different, and that we can see no  afterlife.&nbsp; For example:<br><br><em>I said in my heart: &#8216;It is because of the sons of men,<\/em><br><em>that Elohim may sift them, and that they may see that<\/em><br><em>they themselves are but as beasts.&#8217;<\/em><br><em>For that which befalls the sons of men befalls beasts;<\/em><br><em>even one thing befalls them; as the one dies, so dies<\/em><br><em>the other; yes, they have all one breath; so that man<\/em><br><em>has no pre-eminence above a beast; for all is vanity.<\/em><br><em>All go unto one place; all are of the dust,<\/em><br><em>and all return to dust.<\/em><br><em>(Eccl. 3:18-20 HRV)<\/em><br><br><em>For the living know that they shall die; but the dead<\/em><br><em>know not any thing, neither have they any more<\/em><br><em>a reward; for the memory of them is forgotten.<\/em><br><em>(Eccl. 9:5 HRV)<\/em><br><br>  Note that if we understand Ecc. 3:20 \u201call return to dust\u201d means that  there is no afterlife, then \u201call are dust\u201d in the same verse, would have  to mean we are not alive now!&nbsp; And if the same interpretation is  applies to all of Ecc. 9:5 then \u201cneither have they any more a reward\u201d  would mean that there is no reward in the afterlife for any man.<br><br>  Another book used to \u201cprove\u201d the doctrine of soul sleep is the book of  Job.&nbsp; The book of Job is similar to the book of Ecclesiastes, as much of  the books contains the words of Job and his friends, but in the book  YHWH rebukes Job\u2019s unenlightened words saying:<br><br><em>1 Then YHWH answered Iyov, out of the whirlwind, and said:<\/em><br><em>2 Who is this that darkens counsel, by words without knowledge?<\/em><br><em>3 Gird up now your loins like a man: for I will demand of you, and declare you unto Me.<\/em><br><em>(Job 38:1-3 HRV)<\/em><br><br> Citing Job\u2019s word\u2019s in the Book of Job to support Soul Sleep is to make an uninformed use of the text of the book of Job. Another passage often cited to support  &#8220;Soul Sleep&#8221; is Psalm 146:4 &#8220;his thoughts are lost&#8221;.&nbsp; The Hebrew word  for &#8220;thoughts&#8221; in Ps. 146:4 is \u05e2\u05e9\u05ea\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea can also be translated  &#8220;counsels&#8221;.&nbsp; It means that what thoughts that person might have shared  with the world are lost.&nbsp; <br><br><br><strong>What the Hell?<\/strong><br><br>  There are three words translated \u201cHell\u201d in most English Bibles, however  \u201cHell\u201d may not be the best translation for all or any of these words.&nbsp;  Let us examine these three words one at a time, and in the process, see  what we may learn about the afterlife:<br><br><br><strong>What is She\u2019ol?<\/strong><br><br>  The first Hebrew word we will discuss is She\u2019ol which the Greek texts  render as \u201cHades.\u201d&nbsp; Some have taught that the Hebrew word \u201cShe\u2019ol\u201d  (commonly translated \u201cHell\u201d) should be simply understood as a Hebrew  word for \u201cgrave\u201d or \u201cpit\u201d.&nbsp; However the Hebrew word She&#8217;ol always  appears in the feminine form and NEVER has a definite artical in any of  its many appearances in the Tanak. Therefore it is almost certain that  SHE&#8217;OL is a proper noun, the name of a place.&nbsp; As the Encyclopedia  Judaica states:<br><br> \u201cSeveral names are given to the abode of the  dead, the most common being She\u2019ol\u2014always feminine and without the  definite article\u2014a sign of proper nouns.&nbsp; The term does not occur in  other Semitic languages, except as a loan word from Hebrew She\u2019ol, and  its etymology is obscure.\u201d<br> (Encyclopedia Judaica; Article \u201cNetherworld\u201d p. 996)<br><br>  In the Tanak the word SHE&#8217;OL is often contrasted with &#8220;Heaven&#8221; (Job  11:8; Ps. 139:8; Amos 9:2). According to the Tanak the wicked and  godless nations go to SHE&#8217;OL (Ps. 9:17) According to Psalm 86:13 the  soul goes to SHE&#8217;OL. According to Proverbs 15:24 SHE&#8217;OL can be avoided.  In Prov. 23:14 a soul is delivered from SHE&#8217;OL. In Is. 57:9 a soul is  lowered to SHE&#8217;OL.<br><br> So SHE&#8217;OL would seem to be the proper name  of a place which may be contrasted with Heaven to which souls go and  from which they may be delivered.<br><br> The First Century Jewish  Historian Josephus describes the Pharisees as having a belief in this  place of pre-resurrection afterlife.&nbsp; He writes of the Pharisees: <br><br><em>&#8220;They  hold the belief that an immortal strength belongs to souls, and that  there are beneath the earth punishments and rewards for those who in  life devoted themselves to virtue or vileness, and that eternal  imprisonment is appointed for the latter, but the possibility of  returning to life for the former&#8221;<\/em><br><em>(Josephus Ant. 18.1.3)<\/em><br><br>  According to Ezek. 31:16-18 Gan Eden (The Garden of Eden) was cast into  SHE&#8217;OL (Ezek. 31:16-18).&nbsp; Thus Gan Eden has become a compartment within  She\u2019ol, where the righteous await the resurrection. <br><br> The Book of Enoch describes this compartmentalized place of the pre-resurrection afterlife as follows:<br><br><em>1 And thence I went to another place, and he showed me toward the west a large and high mountain of hard rock.<\/em><br><em>2  And there was in it four hollow places, deep and wide and very smooth.  How smooth are the hollow places and deep and dark to look at.<\/em><br><em>3  Then Rafa\u2019el answered, one of the set-apart angels who was with me, and  said unto me: &#8216;These hollow places have been created for this very  purpose, that the spirits of the souls of the dead should assemble  therein, yea that all the souls of the children of men should assemble  here.<\/em><br><em>4 And lo these are the pits for their imprisonment;  they have been fashioned in this way till the day of their judgment and  till the time of the end of the great judgment and till the time of the  end of the great judgment, which is to be made against them.<\/em><br><em>5 &#8216; There I saw the spirit of a dead man making suit, and his voice went forth to heaven crying unceasingly and making suit.<\/em><br><em>6  And I asked Rafa\u2019el the watcher and set-apart one who was with me, and I  said unto him: &#8216;This spirit which makes suit, whose is it, whose voice  goes forth and makes suit to heaven?&#8217;<\/em><br><em>7 And he answered me  saying: &#8216;This is the spirit which went forth from Abel, whom his  brother Cain slew, and he makes his suit against him till&nbsp; his seed is  destroyed from the face of the earth, and his seed is annihilated from  among the seed of men.&#8217;<\/em><br><em>8 Then I asked regarding it, and regarding all the hollow places: &#8216;Why is one separated from the other?&#8217;<\/em><br><em>9  And he answered me and said unto me: &#8216;These three have been made that  the spirits of the dead might be separated. And such a division has been  make (for) the spirits of the righteous, in which there is the bright  spring of water.<\/em><br><em>10 And such has been made for sinners  when they die and are buried in the earth and judgment has not been  executed on them in their lifetime.<\/em><br><em>11 Here their spirits  shall be set apart in this great pain till the great day of judgment and  punishment and torment of those who curse for ever and retribution for  their spirits. There He shall bind them for ever.<\/em><br><em>12 And  such a division has been made for the spirits of those who make their  suit, who make disclosures concerning their destruction, when they were  slain in the days of the sinners.<\/em><br><em>13 Such has been made  for the spirits of men who were not righteous but sinners, who were  complete in transgression, and of the transgressors they shall be  companions: but their spirits shall not be slain in the day of judgment  nor shall they be afflicted from thence.&#8217;<\/em><br><em>14 Then I blessed YHWH of glory and said: &#8216;Blessed be my Master, YHWH of righteousness, who rules for ever.&#8217;<\/em><br><em>(1Enoch 22:1-14)<\/em><br><br> Yeshua himself gives us a peek into the pre-resurrection afterlife in his account of El\u2019azar and the rich man:<br><br><em>19 Now there was one rich man and he wore linen and purple, and everyday, he was luxuriously merry.<\/em><br><em>20 And there was one poor man, whose name was El\u2019azar: and he lay at the gate of that rich man, stricken with sores.<\/em><br><em>21  And he desired that his belly be filled, from the crumbs that fell from  the table of that rich man: but even the dogs came and licked his  sores.<\/em><br><em>22 Now time passed, and that poor man died, and the  angels carried him to the bosom of Avraham: and also that rich man, died  and was buried.<\/em><br><em>23 And while tormented in she\u2019ol, he lifted up his eyes from afar, and saw Avraham, and El\u2019azar in his bosom.<\/em><br><em>24  And he cried with a great voice and said, My father Avraham, have mercy  on me.&nbsp; And send El\u2019azar to dip the tip of his finger in water, and to  moisten my tongue for me, for behold, I am tormented in this flame.<\/em><br><em>25  Avraham said to him, My son, remember that you received your good  during your life, and El\u2019azar his bad: and now, behold, he is resting  here, and you are tormented.<\/em><br><em>26 And with all these things, a  great gulf is placed between us and you, so that those who want to pass  over from here to you, are not able, nor from there, to pass over to  us.<\/em><br><em>27 Then he said to him, I beg of you, my father, that you send him to the house of my father,<\/em><br><em>28 For I have five brothers. Let him go and testify to them, lest they also come to this place of torment!<\/em><br><em>29 Avraham said to him, They have Moshe and the prophets: let them hear them.<\/em><br><em>30 And he said to him, No, my father Avraham, but if a man from the dead would go to them, they would repent.<\/em><br><em>31  Avraham said to him, If they will not hear Moshe and the prophets, even  if a man would rise from the dead, they would not believe him.<\/em><br><em>(Luke 16:19-31 HRV)<\/em><br><br>  Some have tried to dismiss this account as a mere parable.&nbsp; However  Yeshua does not introduce this account as a parable.&nbsp; Instead he tells  us \u201cthere was one rich man\u201d and \u201cthere was one poor man\u201d so as to tell  us that these men actually existed and these events actually occurred.&nbsp;  However even if we were to accept that this account is a mere parable,  the elements of the parable must be rooted in truth or the parable would  be meaningless.&nbsp; For example in the parable of the seed, seed sown in  the various types of ground does in fact react in the same manner  described in the parable.&nbsp; A net cast into the sea does in fact bring  forth fish.&nbsp; The basic aspects of this account therefore, even if they  are a parable, must be true.&nbsp; Even if the events were meant as a  parable, to be a valid parable with valid meaning, the events have to be  events that at least COULD have happened.<br><br> In this account  Yeshua describes Sheol as having at least two compartments, one is a  place of rest, which he calls \u201cThe Bosom of Avraham\u201d the other is not  named, but is a place where one is \u201ctormented in flame\u201d.&nbsp; We are told  that the two are separated by \u201ca great gulf\u201d so that souls cannot cross  from one to the other.<br><br><br><strong>Souls are Conscious and Aware in She\u2019ol<\/strong><br><br>  Of course the above passages have already demonstrated that souls are  conscious and aware while in Sheol (thus the conversation between  Avraham and El\u2019azar in Luke 16:19-31 and Abel making suit in 1Enoch  22).&nbsp; There are, however, several more:<br><br><em>9 And when He  opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar, the nefeshot [souls] of  those who were killed because of the Word of Eloah, and because of the  testimony of Yeshua that they had.<\/em><br><em>10 And they cried with a  great voice and said, How long, YHWH, Set-Apart and True, do You not  judge and require our blood of the inhabitants of the earth?<\/em><br><em>11  And there was given to each and every one of them a white robe. And it  was said that they should rest for the period of a short time until it  should be ended&#8211;even their fellows and their brothers who were about to  be killed, as also they [had been].<\/em><br><em>(Rev. 6:9-11 HRV)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This agrees with a Rabbinic tradition recorded in the Talmud. that the chamber of departed souls is under the throne:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>It was taught, R. Eliezer said: The souls of the righteous are hidden under the Throne of Glory, as it is said, yet the soul of thine Lord shall be bound up in the bundle of life.<br> (b.Shabbat 152b)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This passage from Revelation also recalls material from 2Esdras (in the Apocrypha):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2Esdras 4 Ezra asks the angel Uriel how long it will be until the judgment.:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>[33] Then I answered and said, &#8220;How long and when will these things be? Why are our years few and evil?&#8221;<br> [34] He answered me and said, &#8220;You do not hasten faster than the Most High, for your haste is for yourself, but the Highest hastens on behalf of many.<br> [35] Did not the souls of the righteous in their chambers ask about these matters, saying, &#8216;How long are we to remain here? And when will come the harvest of our reward?<br> [36] And Jeremiel the archangel answered them and said, `When the number of those like yourselves is completed; for he has weighed the age in the balance,<br> [37] and measured the times by measure, and numbered the times by number; and he will not move or arouse them until that measure is fulfilled.'&#8221;<br> [38] Then I answered and said, &#8220;O sovereign Lord, but all of us also are full of ungodliness.<br> [39] And it is perhaps on account of us that the time of threshing is delayed for the righteous &#8212; on account of the sins of those who dwell on earth.&#8221;<br> [40] He answered me and said, &#8220;Go and ask a woman who is with child if, when her nine months have been completed, her womb can keep the child within her any longer.&#8221;<br> [41] And I said, &#8220;No, lord, it cannot.&#8221; And he said to me, &#8220;In Hades [Sheol] the chambers of the souls are like the womb.<br> [42] For just as a woman who is in travail makes haste to escape the pangs of birth, so also do these places hasten to give back those things that were committed to them from the beginning.<br> [43] Then the things that you desire to see will be disclosed to you.&#8221;<br> (2Esdras 4:33-43 RSV)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>What is Gey Hinnim?<\/strong><br><br>  The next Hebrew word we will look at is Gey Hinnom sometimes  abbreviated as Gehenna which the Greek transliterates into the Greek  texts as \u201cGehenna\u201d.<br><br> GEY HINNOM was a vally just outside of  Jerusalem (Joh. 15:8; 18:16; Neh. 11:30; Jer. 19:2, 6) where pagans had  offered up their own children to Ba&#8217;al and Molech (2Kn. 23:10; 2Ch.  28:3; 33:6; Jer. 7:31-32; 19:2, 6; 32:35). In the first century all of  the refuse of the city was cast into GEY HINNOM and burned there.<br><br>  In the Mishna GEY HINNOM is contrasted with Gan Eden and with the World  to Come as the place where the wicked go (m.Avot 5:19-20; m.Eduy. 2:10)  . The Talmud also contrasts GEY HINNOM with Heaven as a place where the  wicked go (b.Ber. 28a). According to the Talmud GEY HINNOM is huge  (b.Pes. 94a) and has seven compartments (b.Sotah 19b).<br><br> Josephus describes this place when he writes:<br><br><em>&#8220;They say that every soul is imperishable, but that only those of the righteous pass into another body, <strong>while those of the wicked are, on the contrary, punished with eternal torment<\/strong>&#8220;<\/em><br><em>(Josephus Wars 2.8.14)<\/em><br><br><em>&#8220;They hold the belief that an immortal strength belongs to souls, and that <strong>there are beneath the earth punishments<\/strong> and rewards for those who in life devoted themselves to virtue or vileness, and that <strong>eternal imprisonment is appointed for the latter<\/strong>, but the possibility of returning to life for the former&#8221;<\/em><br><em>(Josephus Ant. 18.1.3)<\/em><br><br> Yeshua alludes to Gey Hinnom as follows:<br><br><em>43  Now, if your hand offends you, cut it off. It is better for you to  enter life maimed, than while you have two hands, to go to Gey-Hinnom,<\/em><br><em>44 &lt;Where their worm does not die and their fire does not go out.&gt;<\/em><br><em>45  And if your foot offends you, cut it off. It is better for you to enter  life lame, than while you have two feet, to fall into Gey-Hinnom,<\/em><br><em>46 &lt;Where their worm does not die and their fire does not go out. &gt;<\/em><br><em>47  And if your eye offends you, pluck it out. It is better for you that  you enter the Kingdom of Eloah with one of your eyes, than while you  have two eyes, to fall into Gey-Hinnom of fire,<\/em><br><em>48 Where their worm does not die, and their fire does not go out.<\/em><br><em>(Mark 9:43-48 HRV)<\/em><br><br> The phrase \u201ctheir worm does not die\u201d is taken from the last verse of Isaiah:<br><br><em>And they shall go forth, and look upon the carcasses of the men that have rebelled<\/em> <em>against Me: <strong>for their worm shall not die<\/strong>, neither shall their fire be quenched, and they<\/em> <em>shall be an abhorring unto all flesh.<\/em><br><em>(Isaiah 66:24 HRV)<\/em><br><br>  According to Yeshua this verse of Isaiah speaks of Gey Hinnom.&nbsp; No  doubt Yeshua draws this connection from the Targum to this verse which  reads:<br><br><em>And they shall go forth and look upon the carcasses of the men, the sinners, who have rebelled against my Word: for <strong>their souls shall not die<\/strong>, and their fire shall not be quenched; and the wicked shall be judged in <strong>Gehinnom<\/strong>, till the righteous shall say concerning them, we have seen enough.<\/em><br><em>(Isaiah 66:24 Targum Jonathan)<\/em><br><br>  Notice that the Targum which Yeshua clearly alludes to here,  paraphrases \u201ctheir worm shall not die\u201d with \u201ctheir SOULS shall not die\u201d  indicating the immortality of the souls in Gey Hinnom, and by  implication eternal torment in \u201cHell\u201d.<br><br> There is actually some  debate in the ancient Jewish sources as to whether Gey Hinnom is a place  of eternal torment, or whether souls sent there would eventually be  released. <br><br> Some sources seem to point to Gey Hinnom as a place  of eternal torment.&nbsp; As shown above the Targum Jonathan to Isaiah 66:24  speaks of Gey Hinnom as a place where the soul does not die.&nbsp; One  passage in the Talmus tells us:<br><br><em>When Rabban Johanan ben  Zakkai fell ill, his disciples went in to visit him. When he saw them he  began to weep. His disciples said to him: Lamp of Israel, pillar of the  right hand, mighty hammer! Wherefore weepest thou? He replied: If I  were being taken today before a human king who is here today and  tomorrow in the grave, whose anger if he is angry with me does not last  for ever, who if he imprisons me does not <strong>imprison me forever<\/strong> and who if he puts me to death does not put me to <strong>everlasting death<\/strong>, and whom I can persuade with words and bribe with money, even so I would weep.<\/em><br><em>(b.Ber. 28b)<\/em><br><br>  But while Rabban Johanan ben Zakkai&nbsp; speaks of eternal punishment,  Rabbi Akiva and Rabbi Yochanan ben Nuri held the view that the judgment  of Gey Hinnom was only a temporary judgment: <br><br><em>Rabbi Akiva  declared&#8230; The Judgment of the ungodly in Gehena is twelve months, for  it is said, And it will be from one month until its [same] month (Is.  66:23-24).&nbsp; Rabbi Yochanan ben Nuri says: From Passover to Shavuot, for  it is said from one sabbath until its next Sabbath. &nbsp;<\/em><br><em>(m.Eduyot 2:10)<\/em><br><br>  It is for this reason that many Rabbinical books (Such as the common  English edition of the Tanya) render Gey Hinnom into English with the  word \u201cPurgatory\u201d rather than \u201cHell\u201d.<br><br> Yet another passage of Talmud teaches that punishment in Gey Hinnom is temporary in some cases, yet eternal in others: <br><br><em>Wrongdoers  of Israel who sin with their body and wrongdoers of the Gentiles who  sin with their body go down to Gehinnom and are punished there for  twelve months. After twelve months their body is consumed and their soul  is burnt and the wind scatters them under the soles of the feet of the  righteous as it says, And ye shall tread down the wicked, and they shall  be as ashes under the soles of your feet. But as for the minim and the  informers and the scoffers, who rejected the Torah and denied the  resurrection of the dead, and those who abandoned the ways of the  community, and those who \u2018spread their terror in the land of the  living\u2019, and who sinned and made the masses sin, like Jeroboam the son  of Nebat and his fellows \u2014 these will go down to Gehinnom and be  punished there <strong>for all generations<\/strong>, as it says, And they shall go forth and look upon the carcasses of the men that have rebelled against me etc.<\/em><br><em>(b.Rosh HaShanna 17a)<\/em><br><br>  If some souls are ultimately freed from Gey Hinnom after they are  purged and purified in Gey Hinnom, it might explain certain passages. <br><br> We read in 2nd Maccabees:<br><br><em>43  And when he had made a gathering throughout the company to the sum of  two thousand drachms of silver, he sent it to Jerusalem to offer a sin  offering, doing therein very well and honestly, in that he was mindful  of the resurrection:<\/em><br><em>44 For if he had not hoped that they  that were slain should have risen again, it had been superfluous and  vain to pray for the dead.<\/em><br><em>45 And also in that he perceived  that there was great favour laid up for those that died godly, it was  an holy and good thought. Whereupon he made a reconciliation for the  dead, that they might be delivered from sin.<\/em><br><em>(2Maccabees 12:43-45 KJV) &nbsp;<\/em><br><br>  This certainly implies that the eternal future of the dead, prior to  the resurrection, may as yet be undetermined, that souls in Sheol, might  yet be redeemed. <br><br> This might also shed some light on a statement Yeshua makes concerning Gey Hinnom:<br><br><em>22  But I tell you, that whoever shall be enraged against his brother, he  will be condemned to the judgment. And whoever says to his brother, You  are nothing: he will be condemned to the council of the synagogue. And  whoever says to him, You impious one: he will be condemned to the fire  of Gey Hinnom.<\/em><br><em>23 And if you present your offering at the altar, and there remember that your brother has something against you:<\/em><br><em>24 Leave your offering there before the altar, and go you first, to atone to your brother, and then come and give your offering.<\/em><br><em>25  Come to terms with your adversary quickly, while you are with him on  the way: lest HaSatan deliver you up to the judge, and the judge deliver  you up to the officer, and you be cast into the jail.<\/em><br><em>26 Amen, I tell you, you will not go out from there, until you have paid the last penny.<\/em><br><em>(Matt. 5:22-26 HRV see also Luke 12:58-59)<\/em><br><br>  Here the \u201cjail\u201d (verse 25) is certainly Gey Hinnom (verse 22), but why  does Yeshua add the statement \u201cyou will not go out from there, until you  have paid the last penny.\u201d (verse 26)?&nbsp; In keeping with the Jewish  traditions presented herein, is Yeshua not implying that, at least in  some cases, Gey Hinnom is a temporary state? <br><br> If so \u201cblasphemy of the Ruach HaKodesh\u201d would be one of the sins for which Gey Hinnom would be inescapable, as Yeshua says:<br><br><em>31 And therefore I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven the sons of men:<\/em> <em>but the blasphemy which is against the Spirit will not be forgiven.<\/em><br><em>32 And every man that says a word against a son of man, it will be forgiven him. But he<\/em> <em>that says a word against the Ruach HaKodesh, it will not be forgiven him: neither in this<\/em> <em>world, or in the world to come.<\/em><br><em>(Matt. 12:31-32 HRV)<\/em><br><br>  It must be understood that this \u201ctemporary\u201d Gey Hinnom, is not the  temporary Gey Hinnom taught by the Soul Sleep doctrine, as these souls  do not end their time in Gey Hinnom by being annihilated out of  existence, (this is impossible, as we have already shown, the soul is  inherently eternal) and as the Targum says \u201ctheir soul does not die.\u201d&nbsp;  Instead these souls are released, not annihilated. &nbsp; Of course the concept of a temporary stay  in Gey Hinnom vs. a permanent stay there creates many questions.&nbsp; Who is  the temporary stay for?&nbsp; Do the unredeemed have an opportunity to  become redeemed in Gey Hinnom?&nbsp; Is this the meaning of &#8220;for this reason  was the goodnews proclaimed to them which are dead&#8221; (1Kefa 4:6)? &nbsp; Or  are saved persons who have been unrighteous (not Torah Observant) purged  in Gey Hinnom before they enter Gan Eden?&nbsp; <br><br><br><strong>What is Tachti?<\/strong><br><br> One final word translated as \u201chell\u201d in the KJV is Greek Torturous (Heb: Tachti) which appears in only one verse:<br><br><em>For if Eloah did not spare the angels who sinned,<\/em><br><em>but cast them down to takh\u2019ti,<\/em><br><em>and delivered them into chains of darkness<\/em><br><em>to be reserved for judgment,<\/em><br><em>(2Kefa 2:4 HRV)<\/em><br><br>  Takhti refers to the lowest parts of a pit, and in this case the lowest  compartment of She\u2019ol.&nbsp; This compartment is reserved only for fallen  angels and not for human souls.<br><br><br><strong>Bringing it Together<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"449\" src=\"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/alchart.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-168\" srcset=\"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/alchart.jpg 640w, http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/alchart-300x210.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><br>  Upon death the soul goes into SHE&#8217;OL.&nbsp; The souls of the wicked go to a  compartment known as Gey Hinnom while the righteous are kept in another  compartment GAN EDEN which had been cast into SHE&#8217;OL (Ezek. 31:16-18).  In between the two is a great fixed gulf (Luke 16:26). The souls of the  dead await the resurrection in SHE&#8217;OL when they are reunited with their  bodies and spirits at the resurrection. At that time GAN EDEN (or  PARDES) is moved into the World to Come (the New heavens and the new  Earth) (Rev. 2:7; 21:1; 22:2) while SHE&#8217;OL is cast into the lake of Fire  (GEY HINNOM (Rev. 20:14)). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As you know <strong><em>we have been digging ourselves out of a budget shortfall<\/em><\/strong>.&nbsp; As\n I have said to you many times, I look on this work as a co-operative \none with me, and all of you combining our resources together in order to\n get the job done of helping to teach this great truth to all in the \nworld who will listen. Thank you so much from the bottom of my heart for\n your continued support, <em><strong>you are the ones who make it all possible<\/strong><\/em> by your contributions and your prayers for our work. I truly appreciate your help in every way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>If you can make a one time donation of $500 or $1,000 dollars to support this work.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Donations can be sent by paypal to donations@wnae.org.<br> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">And don\u2019t forget to join the conversations at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nazarenespace.com\">NazareneSpace Social Network<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong> Check out the Latke recipe for Channukah at the new <a href=\"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/index.php?r=space%2Fspace&amp;cguid=953fd343-e03f-4dc2-80f9-c0e08669e56d\">Messianic Home Space <\/a>at NazareneSpace!<\/strong><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Immortality of the Soul and the AfterlifeByJames Scott Trimm What happens when we die?&nbsp; Many Christians believe we find ourselves as angelic beings in heaven, strumming on harps and hanging around on clouds.&nbsp; This is, of course, totally unscriptural, and totally ignores the biblical doctrine of the resurrection.&nbsp; On the other hand some Millerites (Millerites &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/nazarenespace.com\/blog\/2019\/12\/25\/immortality-of-the-soul-and-the-afterlife\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Immortality of the Soul and the Afterlife&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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